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Opioids are a class of drugs that specifically target opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord. These receptors are part of the endogenous pain control system and are crucial for the modulation of pain and the expression of emotions. When opioids bind to these receptors, they initiate a series of biochemical events that lead to a reduction in the perception of pain, thereby providing significant pain relief.

In addition to their analgesic properties, opioids also promote feelings of euphoria, which is why they have a potential for misuse and addiction. This dual action makes them particularly effective in clinical settings for managing acute and chronic pain, while also highlighting the importance of caution in their use due to the potential for dependency.

Other classes of drugs listed, such as NSAIDs, primarily reduce inflammation and pain through different mechanisms and do not typically induce euphoria. Analgesics is a broader category that includes opioids but does not specify this particular subclass. Antidepressants mainly target the neurotransmitter systems related to mood and do not act specifically on opioid receptors for pain relief.